【豬】第六十一期：腸道內乳糖和礦物質濃度影響飼喂配方奶粉的新生仔豬胃腸道內微...

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　　腸道內乳糖和礦物質濃度影響飼喂配方奶粉的新生仔豬胃腸道內微生物生態(tài)

　　R.Pieper, W. Vahjen 和 J. Zentek

　　高產(chǎn)現(xiàn)代豬種已經(jīng)導致對新生仔豬要使用更多的人工撫養(yǎng)和配方飼喂，從而可能會改變它們的腸道細菌生態(tài)。本試驗的新生仔豬飼喂基于牛奶的配方奶粉（FO）或母乳飼養(yǎng)（SM）兩周時間后收集胃、空腸和結腸內容物，然后分析內容物的酶活性、細菌代謝產(chǎn)物并用實時定量PCR儀檢測菌群16S rRNA基因的轉錄。FO組相較SM組其空腸中乳糖酶活性更低且空腸和結腸中乳糖濃度更高（P < 0.05）。飼喂FO的仔豬胃內容物中除了埃希氏菌屬/哈夫尼菌屬/志賀氏菌屬之外其它所有菌群的16S rRNA轉錄拷貝數(shù)均降低（P < 0.05）。飼喂FO的仔豬空腸內乳酸菌群和梭狀芽胞桿菌群I的16S rRNA轉錄拷貝數(shù)較低。相應的，飼喂FO的仔豬結腸內埃希氏菌屬和梭狀芽胞桿菌群I的轉錄豐度較高。飼喂FO的仔豬結腸內D型、L型乳酸和個別與總的短鏈脂肪酸含量較高（P < 0.05）。多冗余度分析顯示礦物質濃度（灰分、Ca、Mg、K、Na、Mn和Zn）與上消化道內細菌豐度和活性和的降低相關的，而乳糖對結腸菌群的影響最顯著。本研究表明除乳糖之外礦物質濃度也改變了飼喂FO的仔豬胃腸道內的微生物群落。


　　Intestinal lactose and mineral concentration affect the microbial ecophysiology along the gastrointestinal tract of formula-fed neonatal piglets

　　R. Pieper, W. Vahjen and J. Zentek

　　Hyperprolificacyin modern pig breeds has led to increased use of artificial rearing and formula feeding of neonatal piglets, which may change their intestinal bacterial ecophysiology. Here, newborn piglets (n = 8 per group) were fed a bovine milk-based formula (FO) or allowed to suckle their mothers (sow milk [SM]) for2 wk, and digesta samples from the stomach, jejunum, and colon were subsequently analyzed for enzyme activities, bacterial metabolites, and 16SrRNA transcripts of bacterial groups by quantitative real-time PCR. Jejunal lactase activity was lower and lactose concentration was greater in the jejunum and colon in the FO group compared with the SM group (P < 0.05). In the stomach, FO-fed pigs had a lower copy number of 16S rRNA transcripts for allanalyzed bacterial groups (P < 0.05) except for the Escherichia/ Hafnia/ Shigella group. In the jejunum, 16S rRNA transcripts of lactic acid bacteria and clostridial cluster I were lower (P < 0.05) in FO-fed pigs. In turn, transcript abundance of the Escherichia group and clostridialcluster I was greater in FO-fed pigs in the colon (P < 0.05). In FO-fed piglets, concentrations of d-and l-lactate and total and individual short-chain fatty acids were higher in the colon (P < 0.05). Multivariate redundancy analysis revealed that the concentration of minerals (ash, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn, and Zn) were associated with reduced bacterial abundance and activity in the upper gastrointestinal tract, whereas lactose had the most pronounced effect on the colon microbiota. The present study revealed that, apart from lactose, the mineral concentration modifies the microbial communities in the gastrointestinal tract of FO-fed piglets.

翻譯：李光然    轉自：豬營養(yǎng)國際論壇CSIS